Socotra island, also known as the “Jewel of the Arabian Sea”, is home to many rare and endangered plant species that grow only on this island. UNESCO has also designed Socotra as a World Heritage Site in 2008 since it has many endemic plant species and is globally important for biodiversity conservation because of its rich and rarely found flora and fauna.
So where is this island located?
This island is located in the Indian Ocean specifically between the Arabian Peninsula and the Horn of Africa. It is an island belonging to Yemen but is apart from Africa. Socotra is the biggest island of the four islands in the Socotra archipelago. It has neighboring islands like Abd Al-Kuri, Samha and Darsa.
Socotra island has over 3,650 square kilometers and is characterized by its uneven rocky surface, sharp mountains and its crystal clear beaches. The island’s most iconic feature is undoubtedly the Dragon’s Blood Tree (Dracaena cinnabari), with its famous umbrella shape and extraordinary looking. These ancient trees, along with other endemic plant species, create a surreal and alien-like landscape unlike anywhere else on Earth.
Socotra’s flora and fauna
Socotra is home to a wide range of flora and fauna found nowhere else on the planet. In addition to the Dragon’s Blood Tree, the island boasts over 700 endemic species of plants, including the cucumber tree, the Socotra Desert Rose, Socotran pomegranate, Aloe perryi and Boswellia Socotrana. It is also home to endemic bird species such as the Socotra Starling, Socotra Warbler, Socotra Sunbird, Socotra golden-winged grosbeak and many others making it a paradise for bird lovers.
Did you know that bats are the only mammals native to this island?
Yes, bats are the only mammals native to Socotra. The Socotran pipistrelle (Hypsugo lanzai) is the only species of bat, and mammal in general, thought to be endemic to the island.
Marine life
Beneath the crystal-clear waters surrounding Socotra lies a vibrant and diverse marine ecosystem. Coral reefs with colorful fish, sea turtles and rays on the island’s shores make opportunities for snorkeling and diving. The waters of Socotra are also home to dolphins, whale sharks and even the elusive dugong.
Does anybody live on this island?
Surprisingly, yes. The island’s inhabitants, known as the Socotri people, have a distinct language, the Socotri language which is related to other modern south Arabian languages on the Arabian mainland. These people have rich culture and a way of life that reflects their unique island home. Traditional fishing villages dot the coastline while ancient ruins and archaeological sites offer glimpses into Socotra’s storied past.
Despite its remote location, Socotra faces numerous conservation challenges, including habitat loss and the impacts of climate change. In recent years, unsustainable development and tourism have also threatened the island’s delicate ecosystem. Conservation efforts are on their way to protect Socotra’s unique biodiversity and cultural heritage for future generations to enjoy.
In conclusion Socotra Island is a place of incomparable beauty and biodiversity, a true gem of the Arabian Sea. From its breathtaking landscapes to its unique flora and fauna, the island offers a glimpse into a world untouched by time. As efforts to protect Socotra continue, it is our collective responsibility to ensure that this natural wonder remains untouched and safe for our future generations
Lara Mihajlovikj
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socotra
VOICES 
Leave a comment